- Catalog number
- PA1079-Dylight594
- Size / count
- 100 µg
- Dry ice
- No
- Hazardous
- No
- Discontinued
- Yes
- Background
- TNF alpha (Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha) gene encodes a multifunctional proinflammatory cytokine that belongs to the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) superfamily. This cytokine is mainly secreted by macrophages. It can bind to, and thus functions through its receptors TNFRSF1A/TNFR1 and TNFRSF1B/TNFBR. This cytokine is involved in the regulation of a wide spectrum of biological processes including cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, lipid metabolism, and coagulation. This cytokine has been implicated in a variety of diseases, including autoimmune diseases, insulin resistance, and cancer. Knockout studies in mice also suggested the neuroprotective function of this cytokine.
- Synonyms
- Tumor necrosis factor; Cachectin; TNF-alpha; Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 2; TNF-a; Tumor necrosis factor, membrane form; N-terminal fragment; NTF; Intracellular domain 1; ICD1; Intracellular domain 2; ICD2; C-domain 1; C-domain 2; Tumor necrosis factor, soluble form; TNF; TNFA; TNFSF2
- Gene Name
- tumor necrosis factor
- UniProt
- P01375
- Host
- Rabbit
- Reactivity
- Human,Mouse,Rat
- Cross Reactivity
- No cross-reactivity with other proteins
- Immunogen
- A synthetic peptide corresponding to a sequence at the C-terminus of human TNF alpha, different from the related mouse sequence by five amino acids, and rat sequence by seven amino acids.
- Clonality
- Polyclonal
- Tissue Specificity
- Abundant in heart and present at low levels in many other tissues.
- Applications
- Flow Cytometry,IHC,WB
- Purification
- Immunogen affinity purified.
- Concentration
- Adding 0.2 ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500 μg/ml.
- Form
- Lyophilized
- Reconstitution
- Add 0.2ml of distilled water will yield a concentration of 500ug/ml.
- Function
- Cytokine that binds to TNFRSF1A/TNFR1 and TNFRSF1B/TNFBR. It is mainly secreted by macrophages and can induce cell death of certain tumor cell lines. It is potent pyrogen causing fever by action or by stimulation of interleukin-1 secretion and is implicated in the induction of cachexia, Under certain conditions it can stimulate cell proliferation and induce cell differentiation. Impairs regulatory T-cells (Treg) function in individuals with rheumatoid arthritis via FOXP3 dephosphorylation. Upregulates the expression of protein phosphatase 1 (PP1), which dephosphorylates the key 'Ser-418' residue of FOXP3, thereby inactivating FOXP3 and rendering Treg cells functionally defective (PubMed:23396208). Key mediator of cell death in the anticancer action of BCG-stimulated neutrophils in combination with DIABLO/SMAC mimetic in the RT4v6 bladder cancer cell line (PubMed:22517918). The TNF intracellular domain (ICD) form induces IL12 production in dendritic cells.
- Components
- Each vial contains 4 mg Trehalose, 0.9 mg NaCl and 0.2 mg Na2HPO4.
- References & Citations
- 1. Shirai, T., Yamaguchi, H., Ito, H., Todd, C. W., Wallace, R. B.Cloning and expression in Escherichia coli of the gene for human tumour necrosis factor.Nature 313: 803-806, 1985.
2. Pennica, D., Nedwin, G. E., Hayflick, J. S., Seeburg, P. H., Derynck, R., Palladino, M. A., Kohr, W. J., Aggarwal, B. B., Goeddel, D. V.Human tumour necrosis factor: precursor structure, expression and homology to lymphotoxin.Nature 312: 724-729, 1984.
- Storage Conditions
- Store at -20℃ for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4℃ for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20℃ for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
- Calculated Molecular Weight
- 25503 MW
- Observed Molecular Weight
- 25 kDa
- Fragment
- Rabbit IgG
- Specificity
- No cross reactivity with other proteins.
- Applications Notes
- Western blot, 0.1-0.5μg/ml, Human, Mouse, Rat<br>
Immunohistochemistry (Paraffin-embedded Section), 2-5μg/ml, Human, By Heat<br>
Flow Cytometry (Fixed), 1-3 μg/1x10<sup>6</sup> cells, Human<br>
- Subcellular Location
- Cell membrane.
- Sequence Similarities
- Belongs to the protease inhibitor I35 (TIMP) family.
- Protein Name
- Tumor necrosis factor