- Catalog number
- A00362
- Size / count
- 0.1 mg
- Dry ice
- No
- Hazardous
- No
- Discontinued
- No
- Background
- Apoptosis is regulated by death domain (DD) and/or caspase recruitment domain (CARD) containing molecules and a caspase family of proteases. CARD containing cell death regulators include RAIDD, RICK, BCL10, Apaf-1, ARC, caspase-9, and caspase-2. A novel CARD domain containing protein was recently identified in human and mouse and designated ASC and TMS1. Ectopic expression of ASC/TMS1 induced apoptosis through activation of caspase-9 and inhibited the survival of human breast cancer cells (3, 4) . Overexpression of ASC/TMS1 induced DNA fragmentation. ASC/TMS1 is expressed in a variety of human and mouse tissues.
- Synonyms
- ASC, TMS, TMS1, CARD5, TMS-1, ASC, Apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD, Caspase recruitment domain-containing protein 5, hASC
- Gene Name
- PYCARD
- UniProt
- Q9ULZ3
- Host
- Rabbit
- Reactivity
- Human
- Immunogen
- Anti-ASC antibody was raised against a peptide corresponding to 14 amino acids near the carboxy terminus of human ASC. The immunogen is located within the last 50 amino acids of ASC.
- Clonality
- Polyclonal
- Tissue Specificity
- Widely expressed at low levels. Detected in peripheral blood leukocytes, lung, small intestine, spleen, thymus, colon and at lower levels in placenta, liver and kidney. Very low expression in skeletal muscle, heart and brain. Detected in the leukemia cell lines HL-60 and U-937, but not in Jurkat T- cell lymphoma and Daudi Burkitt's lymphoma. Detected in the melanoma cell line WM35, but not in WM793. Not detected in HeLa cervical carcinoma cells and MOLT-4 lymphocytic leukemia cells.
- Applications
- ELISA, WB, ICC, IHC-P
- Field of Research
- Apoptosis, Inflammasomes
- Purification
- ASC Antibody is affinity chromatography purified via peptide column.
- Concentration
- 1 mg/mL
- Form
- Liquid
- Function
- Functions as key mediator in apoptosis and inflammation. Promotes caspase-mediated apoptosis involving predominantly caspase-8 and also caspase-9 in a probable cell type-specific manner. Involved in activation of the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway, promotes caspase-8-dependent proteolytic maturation of BID independently of FADD in certain cell types and also mediates mitochondrial translocation of BAX and activates BAX-dependent apoptosis coupled to activation of caspase-9, -2 and -3. Involved in macrophage pyroptosis, a caspase-1-dependent inflammatory form of cell death and is the major constituent of the ASC pyroptosome which forms upon potassium depletion and rapidly recruits and activates caspase-1. In innate immune response believed to act as an integral adapter in the assembly of the inflammasome which activates caspase-1 leading to processing and secretion of proinflammatory cytokines. The function as activating adapter in different types of inflammasomes is mediated by the pyrin and CARD domains and their homotypic interactions. Required for recruitment of caspase-1 to inflammasomes containing certain pattern recognition receptors, such as NLRP2, NLRP3, AIM2 and probably IFI16. In the NLRP1 and NLRC4 inflammasomes seems not be required but facilitates the processing of procaspase-1. In cooperation with NOD2 involved in an inflammasome activated by bacterial muramyl dipeptide leading to caspase-1 activation. May be involved in DDX58-triggered proinflammatory responses and inflammasome activation. Isoform 2 may have a regulating effect on the function as inflammasome adapter. Isoform 3 seems to inhibit inflammasome- mediated maturation of interleukin-1 beta. In collaboration with AIM2 which detects cytosolic double-stranded DNA may also be involved in a caspase-1-independent cell death that involves caspase-8. In adaptive immunity may be involved in maturation of dendritic cells to stimulate T-cell immunity and in cytoskeletal rearrangements coupled to chemotaxis and antigen uptake may be involved in post-transcriptional regulation of the guanine nucleotide exchange factor DOCK2; the latter function is proposed to involve the nuclear form. Also involved in transcriptional activation of cytokines and chemokines independent of the inflammasome; this function may involve AP-1, NF-kappa-B, MAPK and caspase-8 signaling pathways. For regulation of NF-kappa-B activating and inhibiting functions have been reported. Modulates NF-kappa-B induction at the level of the IKK complex by inhibiting kinase activity of CHUK and IKBK. Proposed to compete with RIPK2 for association with CASP1 thereby down-regulating CASP1-mediated RIPK2-dependent NF-kappa-B activation and activating interleukin-1 beta processing. Modulates host resistance to DNA virus infection, probably by inducing the cleavage of and inactivating CGAS in presence of cytoplasmic double-stranded DNA (PubMed:28314590) .
- Storage Conditions
- ASC antibody can be stored at 4°C for three months and -20°C, stable for up to one year. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Antibodies should not be exposed to prolonged high temperatures.
- Observed Molecular Weight
- 21627 MW
- Gene Name Synonym
- PYD and CARD domain containing
- Subcellular Location
- Cytoplasm. Endoplasmic reticulum. Mitochondrion. Nucleus. Upstream of caspase activation, a redistribution from the cytoplasm to the aggregates occurs. These appear as hollow, perinuclear spherical, ball-like structures. Upon NLRP3 inflammasome activation redistributes to the perinuclear space localizing to endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria. Localized primarily to the nucleus in resting monocytes/macrophages and rapidly redistributed to the cytoplasm upon pathogen infection. Localized to large cytoplasmic aggregate appearing as a speck containing AIM2, PYCARD, CASP8 and bacterial DNA after infection with Francisella tularensis (By similarity) . .
- Prediction Reactivity
- Mouse, Rat
- Protein Name
- PYD and CARD domain containing
- Isotype
- IgG
- Contents
- ASC Antibody is supplied in PBS containing 0.02% sodium azide.
